Automated systems for sample preparation and analytical measurements must follow special protocols due to their complex process structure with multiple subprocesses. read more

An online reaction monitoring system can be coupled to several measurement instruments using an electrospray ionization mass spectrometer (ESI-MS) to receive structural information and an inductively ... read more

A dilution module based primarily on a mass rate attenuator solves the problem of high concentration solution to the mass spectrometer. The low-flow compensation approach was used to circumvent the ... read more

Investigations for the determination of drugs in real samples, while gaining in importance, are limited by time and sample throughput. In response to this, the authors developed an automated solid-... read more

High-throughput screening processes have become an essential tool in the pharmaceutical industry and clinical laboratory. High-throughput screening, or HTS, is used in drug discovery as well as in ... read more

Various species of methacrylates are widely used in dentistry as filling materials. These consist mainly of an organic matrix, based on a monomer system of methacrylates and inorganic additives. read more

Even in minor concentrations, elemental mercury and inorganic and organic bound mercury can have harmful biological effects on organisms. Mercury and other toxic elements can enter the environment ... read more